Timeline of Birmingham, Alabama

1. ^ Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 221, OL 6112221M
2. ^ ^{a b c d} Owen 1921.
3. ^ ^{a b c d e f} "Browse Collections". Digital Collections. Birmingham Public Library. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
4. ^ ^{a b c} Federal Writers' Project 1941, "Birmingham".
5. ^ ^{a b c d e} "US Newspaper Directory". Chronicling America. Washington DC: Library of Congress. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
6. ^ Teeple 1887.
7. ^ Barbara Brandon Schnorrenberg (2002), ""The Best School for Blacks in the State" St. Mark's Academic and Industrial School, Birmingham, Alabama 1892-1940", Anglican and Episcopal History, 71 (4): 519–549, JSTOR 42615917
8. ^ "St. Mark's School, Birmingham, Alabama", Colored American Magazine, vol. 13, New York: Moore Publishing, 1907, hdl:2027/uc1.b3793667
9. ^ ^{a b} "Encyclopedia of Alabama". Alabama Humanities Foundation. Retrieved March 26, 2017.
10. ^ ^{a b} Patterson's American Educational Directory. Vol. 19. Chicago. 1922. hdl:2027/mdp.39015062798783.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
11. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, US Census Bureau, 1998
12. ^ ^{a b} Lynda Brown; et al. (1998). "Chronology". Alabama History: An Annotated Bibliography. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-28223-2.
13. ^ Negro Education: A Study of the Private and Higher Schools for Colored People in the United States. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1917. p. 51.
14. ^ ^{a b c d e} Brownell 1972.
15. ^ "Archives & Manuscripts - Guide to the Collections". Birmingham Public Library. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
16. ^ ^{a b} Jack Alicoate, ed. (1939), "Alabama", Radio Annual, New York: Radio Daily, OCLC 2459636
17. ^ "Institution Directory". Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Archived from the original on May 10, 2000. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
18. ^ Ingalls 1981.
19. ^ Draper 1996.
20. ^ Norrell 1986.
21. ^ ^{a b c} American Association for State and Local History 2002.
22. ^ Charles A. Alicoate, ed. (1960), "Television Stations: Alabama", Radio Annual and Television Year Book, New York: Radio Daily Corp., OCLC 10512206
23. ^ Vernon N. Kisling, Jr., ed. (2001). "Zoological Gardens of the United States (chronological list)". Zoo and Aquarium History. USA: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-3924-5.
24. ^ ^{a b} Scott Thumma (ed.). "Database of Megachurches in the U.S." Connecticut: Hartford Seminary. Retrieved April 21, 2017.
25. ^ "Events", Civil Rights Digital Library, Athens, GA: Digital Library of Georgia (Timeline)
26. ^ King, Martin Luther Jr. (1963). "Letter from Birmingham Jail". Liberation: An Independent Monthly. Vol. 8, no. 4. pp. 10–16, 23. ISSN 0024-189X.
27. ^ Reprinted in "Reporting Civil Rights, Part One", (pp. 777–794), American Journalism 1941–1963. The Library of America
28. ^ "On This Day", New York Times, retrieved November 1, 2014
29. ^ ^{a b} "Movie Theaters in Birmingham, AL". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
30. ^ "Birmingham, Alabama: A city using theatres to reinvent itself", BBC News, April 12, 2019
31. ^ "About". Birmingham: Community Food Bank of Central Alabama. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
32. ^ "Alabama Food Banks". Food Bank Locator. Chicago: Feeding America. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
33. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j} "Birmingham Sister City Anniversary Dates". Birmingham Sister Cities. Archived from the original on March 2, 2017.
34. ^ "History". Hoover, Alabama: Birmingham Islamic Society. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
35. ^ Pluralism Project. "Birmingham, Alabama". Directory of Religious Centers. Harvard University. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
36. ^ "Alabama". Official Congressional Directory. 1993. hdl:2027/uc1.l0072691827 – via Hathi Trust.
37. ^ "City of Birmingham, Alabama". Archived from the original on 1996-10-30 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
38. ^ "Alabama". CJR's Guide to Online News Startups. New York: Columbia Journalism Review. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
39. ^ "Organization Directory". Birmingham365.org. Create Birmingham. Retrieved April 3, 2017.
40. ^ "Birmingham (city), Alabama". State & County QuickFacts. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 11, 2012. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
41. ^ "Alabama". Official Congressional Directory. Government Printing Office. 2011. ISBN 978-0-16-088653-9.
42. ^ "When a State Balks at a City's Minimum Wage", New York Times, February 21, 2016
43. ^ "USFL is set to return in 2022, bringing back the Birmingham Stallions", The Tuscaloosa News, November 22, 2021
44. ^ "World Games Birmingham 2022: 13,000 foreign visitors from 40 countries are here", al.com, July 7, 2022

Published in 19th century

• Saffold Berney (1878), "Birmingham", Handbook of Alabama, Mobile: Mobile Register print.
• "City Directory of Birmingham". Birmingham Directory. Atlanta, Ga.: Interstate Directory Co.: v 1884.
• John W. DuBose, ed., The Mineral Wealth of Alabama and Birmingham (Birmingham, 1886)
• 1887 Pocket Business Directory and Guide to Birmingham, Ala. 1887 – via Birmingham Public Library.^{[permanent dead link]}
• Jefferson County and Birmingham, Alabama: Historical and Biographical. Teeple & Smith. 1887. ISBN 978-0-89308-041-9.
• Henry M. Caldwell, History of the Elyton Land Company and Birmingham, Ala. 1892.

Published in 20th century

• Code of City of Birmingham, Alabama. 1917.
• "Birmingham". Automobile Blue Book. USA. 1919.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Cruikshank, A History of Birmingham and Its Environs (2 vols., Chicago, 1920)
• Thomas McAdory Owen (1921), "Birmingham", History of Alabama and Dictionary of Alabama Biography, Chicago: S.J. Clarke, OCLC 1872130
• Harrison A. Trexler, "Birmingham's Struggle with Commission Government," National Municipal Review, XIV (November 1925)
• George R. Leighton, "Birmingham, Alabama: The City of Perpetual Promise," Harper's Magazine, CLXXV (August 1937)
• Federal Writers' Project (1941), Alabama; a Guide to the Deep South, American Guide Series, New York: Hastings House, hdl:2027/uc1.b4469723 – via Hathi Trust
• Florence H. W. Moss, Building Birmingham and Jefferson County (Birmingham, Ala.: Birmingham Printing Company, 1947)
• John C. Henley, Jr., This Is Birmingham: The Story of the Founding and Growth of an American City. 1960.
• Paul B. Worthman, "Black Workers and Labor Unions in Birmingham, Alabama, 1897-1904," Labor History, 10 (Summer 1969)
• Paul B. Worthman, "Working Class Mobility in Birmingham, Alabama, 1880-1914," in Anonymous Americans: Explorations in Nineteenth-Century Social History, ed. Tamara K. Hareven (Englewood Cliffs, 1971)
• Blaine A. Brownell (1972), "Birmingham, Alabama: New South City in the 1920s", Journal of Southern History, 38 (1): 21–48, doi:10.2307/2206652, JSTOR 2206652
• McMillan, Malcolm C. Yesterday's Birmingham. Miami: E.A. Seeman Publishing, 1975.
• Ory Mazar Nergal, ed. (1980), "Birmingham, AL", Encyclopedia of American Cities, New York: E.P. Dutton, OL 4120668M
• Robert P. Ingalls (1981), "Antiradical Violence in Birmingham During the 1930s", Journal of Southern History, 47 (4): 521–544, doi:10.2307/2207401, JSTOR 2207401
• Valley and the Hills: An Illustrated History of Birmingham and Jefferson County. 1981
• Robert J. Norrell (1986), "Caste in Steel: Jim Crow Careers in Birmingham, Alabama", Journal of American History, 73 (3): 669–694, doi:10.2307/1902982, JSTOR 1902982
• Old Birmingham, OCLC 38508791 1991-
• George Thomas Kurian (1994), "Birmingham, Alabama", World Encyclopedia of Cities, vol. 1: North America (United States A-M), Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO, ISBN 978-0-87436-649-5 – via Open Library
• Henry M. McKiven (1995). Iron and Steel: Class, Race, and Community in Birmingham, Alabama, 1875-1920. Univ of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-4524-0.
• Alan Draper (1996), "New Southern Labor History Revisited: The Success of the Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers Union in Birmingham, 1934-1938", Journal of Southern History, 62 (1): 87–108, doi:10.2307/2211207, JSTOR 2211207
• "The South: Alabama: Birmingham", USA, Let's Go, New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999, OL 24937240M
• Lynne B. Feldman, A Sense of Place: Birmingham's Black Middle Class Community, 1890-1930 (Tuscaloosa, 1999)

Published in 21st century

• "Alabama: Birmingham", Louisiana & the Deep South, Lonely Planet, 2001, ISBN 978-1-86450-216-9 – via Open Library
• American Association for State and Local History (2002). "Alabama: Birmingham". Directory of Historical Organizations in the United States and Canada (15th ed.). Rowman Altamira. ISBN 0-7591-0002-0.
• Richard Pillsbury, ed. (2006). "Birmingham". Geography. New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture. Vol. 2. University of North Carolina Press. p. 156. OCLC 910189354.