Tricyclic
Organic compound having 3 fused rings
Tricyclics are cyclic chemical compounds that contain three fused rings of atoms.
Many compounds have a tricyclic structure, but in pharmacology, the term has traditionally been reserved to describe heterocyclic drugs. They include antidepressants, antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and antihistamines (as antiallergens, anti-motion sickness drugs, antipruritics, and hypnotics/sedatives) of the dibenzazepine, dibenzocycloheptene, dibenzothiazepine, dibenzothiepin, phenothiazine, and thioxanthene chemical classes, and others.
History
- Promethazine and other first generation antihistamines with a tricyclic structure were discovered in the 1940s.
- Chlorpromazine, derived from promethazine originally as a sedative, was found to have neuroleptic properties in the early 1950s, and was the first typical antipsychotic.
- Imipramine, originally investigated as an antipsychotic, was discovered in the early 1950s, and was the first tricyclic antidepressant.
- Carbamazepine was discovered in 1953, and was subsequently introduced as an anticonvulsant in 1965.
- Clozapine, a derivative of imipramine, was synthesized in 1958 and entered the European market in 1972 under the name Leponex.
- Antidepressants with a tetracyclic structure such as mianserin and maprotiline were first developed in the 1970s as tetracyclic antidepressants.
- Loratadine was introduced as a non-sedating second generation antihistamine in the 1990s.[1]
Gallery
Antidepressants | ||||
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Antipsychotics | ||||
Antihistamines | ||||
Others | ||||
See also
References
- ^ Kay, G. G.; Harris, A. G. (1999). "Loratadine: a non-sedating antihistamine. Review of its effects on cognition, psychomotor performance, mood and sedation". Clinical and Experimental Allergy. 29 Suppl 3: 147–150. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2222.1999.0290s3147.x. PMID 10444229.
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Tricyclics
(Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs))
- Amoxapine
- Amezepine
- Amineptine
- Amitriptyline
- Amitriptylinoxide
- Amoxapine
- Aptazapine
- Azepindole
- Batelapine
- Butriptyline
- Cianopramine
- Ciclazindol
- Cidoxepin
- Clomipramine
- Cotriptyline
- Cyanodothiepin
- Demexiptiline
- Depramine (balipramine)
- (desmethylimipramine)
- Desmethylclomipramine
- Desmethyltrimipramine
- Dibenzepin
- Dimetacrine
- Dosulepin (dothiepin)
- Doxepin
- Enprazepine
- Fantridone
- Fluotracen
- Hepzidine
- Homopipramol
- Imipramine
- Imipraminoxide
- Intriptyline
- Iprindole
- Ketipramine
- Litracen
- Lofepramine
- Losindole
- Loxapine
- Maprotiline
- Mariptiline
- Mazindol
- Melitracen
- Metapramine
- Mezepine
- Mirtazapine
- Monometacrine
- Nitroxazepine
- Norbutriptyline
- Nordoxepin
- Northiaden (nordosulepin)
- Nortriptyline (noramitriptyline)
- Noxiptiline
- Octriptyline
- Opipramol
- Pipofezine
- Pirandamine
- Propizepine
- Protriptyline
- Quinupramine
- Spiroxepin
- Tandamine
- Tampramine
- Tianeptine
- Tienopramine
- Trimipramine
- Azatadine
- Bisulepin
- Clobenzepam
- Cyproheptadine
- Dacemazine
- Deptropine
- Desloratadine
- Epinastine
- Etymemazine
- Fenethazine
- Hydroxyethylpromethazine
- Isopromethazine
- Isothipendyl
- Ketotifen
- Latrepirdine
- Loratadine
- Mebhydrolin
- Mequitazine
- Methdilazine
- Olopatadine
- Oxomemazine
- Phenindamine
- Pimethixene
- Promethazine
- Propiomazine
- Rupatadine
- Thiazinamium
- Acetophenazine
- Alimemazine
- Amoxapine
- Asenapine
- Butaclamol
- Butaperazine
- Carfenazine (carphenazine)
- Carpipramine
- Chlorpromazine
- Chlorprothixene
- Ciclindole
- Citatepine
- Clocapramine
- Clomacran
- Clorotepine
- Clotiapine
- Clozapine
- Cyanothepin
- Doclothepin
- Docloxythepin
- Erizepine
- Flucindole
- Flumezapine
- Fluotracen
- Flupentixol
- Fluphenazine
- Gevotroline
- Homopipramol
- Isofloxythepin
- Levomepromazine/Methotrimeprazine
- Loxapine
- Lurasidone
- Maroxepin
- Meperathiepin
- Mesoridazine
- Metiapine
- Metitepine
- Metoxepin
- Mosapramine
- Naranol
- Octomethothepin
- Olanzapine
- Oxyclothepin
- Oxyprothepin
- Pentiapine
- Peradithiepin
- Perathiepin
- Perazine
- Perphenazine
- Periciazine
- Pinoxepin
- Piperacetazine
- Pipotiazine
- Piquindone
- Prochlorperazine
- Promazine
- Prothipendyl
- Quetiapine
- Savoxepin/Cipazoxapine
- Sulforidazine
- Tenilapine
- Thiethylperazine
- Thiopropazate
- Thioridazine
- Thiothixene
- Tilozepine
- Traboxopine
- Trifluoperazine
- Triflupromazine
- Trifluthepin
- Zotepine
- Zuclopenthixol
- Adosopine
- Aminopromazine
- Atiprosin
- Beloxepin
- Benzoctamine
- Carvedilol
- Cidoxepin
- Cyclobenzaprine
- Damotepine
- Darenzepine
- Elanzepine
- Fluradoline
- Methylene blue
- Monatepil
- Nuvenzepine
- Oxetorone
- Perlapine
- Pipazethate
- P7C3
- Pinadoline
- Pirenzepine
- Pirolate
- Pitrazepin
- Pizotifen
- Serazapine
- Siltenzepine
- Telenzepine
- Tipindole
- Zolenzepine